Mashlow's Theory

 

Maslow’s Theory

   Employee likes to work in an environment which their needs are met, they will perform without any support (Kaur, 2013). Employee’s dissatisfaction is the main problem that decrease their motivation level. Therefore, Management can improve motivation by giving relevant responsibilities to employee’s idea that, self-actualized employees deliver maximum work efficacy and creativity (Ozguner and Ozguner, 2014).  

   Maslow’s theory mainly based on personal judgment and employee’s lower level of needs had to be fulfilled before the next higher level need (Abbah, 2014) and based on the basic physical, biological, social and psychological needs of human beings, Maslow came up with a five-stage theory that places the needs of the individual in different categories and prioritizes their attainment (Jerome, 2013).

Figure 1.1: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

(Source: Jerome, 2013)

1.    Physiological needs -  A physiological need is the lower level of needs and most basic, such as food, air, water and shelter.  Organization must provide reasonable salary to employee to fulfill their main requirement .If the organization fail to give good wages, result will be less performance and employee won’t be able to make much of contribution (Ozguner and Ozguner, 2014).

2.    Safety needs - When it comes to safety need requirements, Managers should provide employees with job security, a safe and hygienic work environment and retirement benefits. (Maslow, A. H. 2013). Working environment should be free from threats and harms. If employee feels that they work in unsafe zone, the result will be same as less efficiency (Kaur, 2013).

3.    Social needs - Organization should arrange some social events such as sport day, annual picnic, outdoor training (Abbah, 2014).

4.     Esteem needs - Employee should appreciate for their achievement (Abbah, 2014).

5.  Self-Actualization needs - Self-actualization employee valuable asset to the organization .Self-actualization employees deliver the best output through the motivation (Kaur, 2013).Managers can provide challenging job opportunities that take full advantage of the employees' skills. Moreover, they can provide growth opportunities so that they can reach peak levels (Jerome 2013).

 

Example - In the company I’m working, offer free food, medical, uniforms, rest room and good salary to the employees to satisfy their physiological needs. To satisfy safety needs organization maintain safe and friendly environment according to labor rules and requirement to motivate employees. Organization arrange some social events such as sport day, annual picnic, outdoor training. And give fix amount depending on employee categories once a year to go picnics in order to follow social needs. To fulfill esteem needs organization held an employee day for our achievement and gives awards or send employee for overseas training and tours. All employee has opportunity to implement their ideas to satisfy self-actualization needs.


References

Abbah, M.T. (2014). Employee Motivation: The Key to Effective Organizational Management in Nigeria. Journal of Business and Management. Volume 16, Issue 4.

Jerome, N. (2013). Application of the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Need Theory; impacts and Implications on Organizational Culture, Human Resource and Employee’s Performance. International Journal of Business and Management, Volume 2 Issue 3, 41-42.

Kaur,A. (2013). Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory: Applications and Criticisms. Global Journal of Management and Business Studies. Volume 3, Number 10 (2013), pp. 1061-1064.

Maslow, A. H. (2013). Toward a psychology of being. Start Publishing LLC.

Ozguner, Z., Ozguner,M.,(2014). A Managerial Point of View on the Relationship between of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg’s Dual Factor Theory. International Journal of Business and Social Science Vol. 5, No. 7.

 

Comments

  1. Maheshani Priyankara Weerarathne (Maheshi)May 6, 2022 at 11:20 PM

    Hi Hashini , Agreed with you and According to Onah (2015), human motivation is based on the satisfaction of five different types of needs: physiological requirements, safety needs, social needs, self-esteem needs, and self-actualization needs.

    ReplyDelete

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